Subnet Calculator

Calculating the subnet of an IPv4 address involves several steps:

1. Identify the IP address and subnet mask: Start by determining the IPv4 address you want to subnet and its corresponding subnet mask. The subnet mask determines which portion of the IPv4 address represents the network and which portion represents the host.
2. Convert the IP address and subnet mask to binary: Convert both the IP address and the subnet mask from decimal to binary format. Each octet (8 bits) in the IP address and subnet mask represents a part of the address.
3. Perform a bitwise AND operation: Perform a bitwise AND operation between the binary representations of the IP address and the subnet mask. This operation helps to determine the network portion of the address.
4. Identify the network address: The result of the bitwise AND operation yields the network address, which is the portion of the IP address that identifies the network. All hosts within the same subnet will share this network address.
5. Identify the host address: The remaining bits after the network address represent the host portion of the IP address. This part uniquely identifies each host within the subnet.
6. Determine the number of subnets and hosts per subnet: Based on the subnet mask, calculate the number of subnets and the number of hosts per subnet. This involves determining the number of bits reserved for the network portion and the number of bits reserved for the host portion.
7. Assign IP addresses: Finally, assign IP addresses to hosts within the subnet, ensuring that each host has a unique host address within the subnet range.

By following these steps, you can calculate the subnet of an IPv4 address and effectively manage your network addressing scheme.